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- ******************************************************************
- * Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase active site *
- ******************************************************************
-
- The major mutagenic and carcinogenic effect of methylating agents in DNA is
- the formation of O6-alkylguanine. The repair of DNA containing O6-alkylated
- guanine is carried out by the enzyme 6-O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase
- (EC 2.1.1.63) (methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase) (MGMT). The
- alkyl group at the O-6 position is transferred to a cysteine residue in the
- enzyme [1]. This is a suicide reaction: the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated
- and the methylated protein accumulates as a dead-end product. Most, but not
- all MGMT are also able to repair O-4-methylthymine. MGMT sequences have been
- obtained from various prokaryotic [2] and eukaryotic sources:
-
- - Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium inducible bifunctional protein
- ada. The N-terminal part of the ada protein functions as a transcriptional
- activator of its own gene and of other alkylation repair genes, while the
- C-terminal part functions as a MGMT.
- - Bacillus subtilis adaB. In this bacteria the function of the ada complex is
- carried out by two proteins: adaA, a transcriptional activator, and adaB, a
- MGMT.
- - Escherichia coli constitutive (non-inducible) Ogt enzyme.
- - Bacillus subtilis constitutive (non-inducible) Dat1 enzyme.
- - Yeast DNA repair enzyme MGT1.
- - Mammalian MGMT protein [3].
-
- In all these enzymes the region around the active site cysteine residue is
- conserved and can be used as a signature pattern.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMF]-P-C-H-R-[LIVMF](2)
- [C is the active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
- -Last update: December 1992 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Lindahl T., Sedgwick B., Sekiguchi M., Nakabeppu Y.
- Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:133-157(1988).
- [ 2] Samson L.
- Mol. Microbiol. 6:825-831(1992).
- [ 3] Rafferty J.A., Elder R.H., Watson A.J., Cawkwell L., Potter P.M.,
- Margison G.P.
- Nucleic Acids Res. 20:1891-1895(1992).
-